HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION

HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION: A NEED OR NECESSITY?

“Human rights are the rights a person has simply because he or she is a human being”. It also refers to the basic and fundamental rights guaranteed to an individual. Human rights belong to all persons equally, universally and without any limitation. Human rights had existed since the beginning of the world. These rights were later embodied in a document known as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. Today millions of people in the world are ignorant or lack knowledge about their rights as embodied in the UDHR, a universal document that preaches respect for human rights. It is the primary responsibility of states to educate their citizens of their rights. This duty had ignorantly been avoided by the states, reasons unknown while bearing in mind that the state is greatly involved in the violation of these rights.

Education is said to be the best legacy to bequeath to a child. It is the pride of a nation. It remains the most important way of developing and inculcating human rights awareness and protection. In order to achieve the foregoing, Human Rights Education can be seen as a way of imbibing and propagating human rights norms and principles in the Nigeria society. It should be noted that the greatest perpetrator of human rights crimes are those who are illiterates about human rights.

Considering the importance of this education to the society, Centre for Human Rights Education & Reporting is oblige to seek support for the introduction of Human Rights Education in Nigerian schools. One major step of achieving this, is to develop a school curriculum on Human Rights Education, this would serve as a guide on how to teach human rights education.

Human rights are both inspirational and practical. Its principle holds up the vision of free, just and peaceful world and set minimum standards for how individuals and institutions everywhere should treat people. Human rights also empower people with a framework for action when those minimum standards are not met, for people still have human rights even if the laws or those in power do not recognize or protect them.

We experience our human rights everyday when we worship according to our belief, or choose not to worship at all; when we debate and criticize government policies; when we join a trade union; when we travel to other parts of the country or overseas. Although we usually take these actions for granted, people both here and in other countries do not enjoy all these liberties equally. Human rights violations also occur everyday in this country when a parent abuses a child, when a family is homeless, when a school provides inadequate education, when women are not treated equally with men or when one person steals from another.

Human Rights Education as a Human Right Education in human rights is itself fundamental human rights and also a responsibility. The preamble to the UDHR exhort “every individual and every organ in the society” to strive by teaching and educating to promote respect for these rights and freedom. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights declares that a government “may not stand in the way of people learning about the rights”.

Human Rights Education is all learning that develops in the knowledge, skills and values of human rights. The United Nation decade for Human Rights Education has defined human rights education as “training, dissemination and information effort aimed at the building of a universal culture of human rights through the impacting of knowledge and skills and the molding of attitudes which are directed to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedom, the full development of the human personality and the sense of its dignity, the promotion of understanding, respect, gender equality and friendship among all nations, indigenous people and racial, national, ethnic, religious and linguistic groups, the enabling of all persons to participate effectively in a free society. Although news reports refer to human rights everyday in Nigeria, “human rights literacy” is not wide spread in the country. Students of International Relations, Mass Communication or political science may study human rights in a university setting, but most people receive no education, formally or informally about human rights. Even human rights activists usually acquire their knowledge and skill by self-teaching and direct experience.

Human Rights Education promotes democratic principles. It examines human rights issues without bias and from diverse perspective through a variety of educational practices.

Human Rights Education helps to develop the communication skills and informed critical thinking essential to democracy. It provides multi cultural and historical perspective on the universal struggle for justice and dignity.

Human Rights Education engages the heart as well as the mind. It challenges students to ask what human rights mean to them personally and encourage them to translate caring into informed, and non-violent action.

Human Rights Education affirms the interdependence of the human family. It promotes understanding of the complex global forces that create abuses, as well as the ways in which abuses can be abolished and avoided.

When people say, “I have got my rights,” they usually think of those civil and political rights, which include freedom of assembly, freedom of worship, and the right to a fair trial. Few, however, realize that social, economic and cultural rights such as health care, housing, or a living wage are also human rights guaranteed in the UDHR.

People who do not know their rights are more vulnerable to having them abused and often lack the language and conceptual framework to effectively advocate for them. Growing consensus around the world recognizes education for, and about human rights as essential. It can contribute to the building of free, just and peaceful societies. Human rights education is also increasingly recognized as an effective strategy to prevent human rights abuses.

Integral to learning about one’s human rights is learning about the responsibilities that accompany all rights. Just as human rights belong to both individual and society as a whole, the responsibility to respect, defend and promote human rights is both individual and collective. The preamble of the UDHR, for example, calls not only on governments to promote human rights, but also on “every individual and every organ of society”. Human rights education provides the knowledge and awareness needed to meet this responsibility.

The responsibilities of all citizens in a democratic society are inseparable from the responsibility to promote human rights. To flourish, both democracy and human rights require people’s active participation. Human rights education includes learning the skills of advocacy, to speak and act every day in the name of human rights.

Human Rights Education also provides a basis for conflict resolution and the promotion of social order. Rights themselves often clash, such as when one person’s commitment to public safety conflicts with another’s freedom of expression. As a value system based on respect and the equality and dignity of all people, human rights can create a frame work for analyzing and resolving such differences. Human rights education also teaches the skills of negotiation, mediation and consensus building.

Human Rights Education teaches both about human rights and for human rights. Its goal is to help people understand human rights, value human rights and take responsibility for respecting, defending and promoting human rights. An important outcome of human rights education is empowerment, a process through which people and communities increase their control of their own lives and the decisions that affect them. The ultimate goal about human rights education is people working together to bring about human rights, justice and dignity for all.

Education for human rights helps people feel the importance of human rights, internalize human rights values, and integrate them into the way they live, these human rights values and attitudes include nurturing respect for others, self-esteem and hope, understanding the nature of human dignity and respecting the dignity of others, empathizing with those whose rights are violated and feeling a sense of solidarity with 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